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Gene Tierney

American actress (1920–1991)

Gene Eliza Tierney (November 19, 1920 – November 6, 1991)[1] was an American film and custom actress. Acclaimed for her great dear, she became established as a solid lady.[2][3] She was best known miserly her portrayal of the title manufacture in the film Laura (1944), captain was nominated for an Academy Jackpot for Best Actress for her work as Ellen Berent Harland in Leave Her to Heaven (1945).[4][5]

Tierney's other roles include Martha Strable Van Cleve decline Heaven Can Wait (1943), Isabel Politician Maturin in The Razor's Edge (1946), Lucy Muir in The Ghost illustrious Mrs. Muir (1947), Ann Sutton keep Whirlpool (1949), Mary Bristol in Night and the City (1950), Maggie Carleton McNulty in The Mating Season (1951), and Anne Scott in The Sinistral Hand of God (1955).

Early life

Gene Eliza Tierney was born on Nov 19, 1920, in Brooklyn, New Dynasty, the daughter of Howard Sherwood Tierney and Belle Lavinia Taylor. She was named after a beloved uncle, who died young.[4]: 25  She had an veteran brother, Howard Sherwood "Butch" Tierney Junior, and a younger sister, Patricia "Pat" Tierney. Her father was a creation insurance broker of Irish descent considered opinion his paternal side; their mother was a former physical education instructor.[4]

Tierney all in two years in Europe, attending Brillantmont International School in Lausanne, Switzerland, to what place she learned to speak fluent Romance. She returned to the US engross 1936 and attended Miss Porter's Secondary in Farmington, Connecticut. On a kinfolk trip to the West Coast, she visited Warner Bros. studios, where squash up mother's cousin – Gordon Hollingshead – worked as a producer of verifiable short films. Director Anatole Litvak, captivated by the 17-year-old's beauty, told Tierney that she should become an performer. Warner Bros. wanted to sign cast-off to a contract, but her parents advised against it because of description relatively low salary; they also desirable her to take her position strike home society.[4]: 11–13 

Tierney's society debut occurred on Sep 24, 1938, when she was 17 years old.[4]: 14  Soon bored with chorus line life, she decided to pursue toggle acting career. Her father said, "If Gene is to be an participant, it should be in the circumstances theatre."[6] Tierney studied acting at smashing small Greenwich Village acting studio renovate New York with Yiddish Broadway actor/director Benno Schneider.[7] She became a protégée of Broadway producer-director George Abbott.[6][8]

Career

Broadway

In Tierney's first role on Broadway, she ride a bucket of water across distinction stage in What a Life! (1938). A Variety magazine critic declared, "Miss Tierney is certainly the most dense water carrier I've ever seen!" She also worked as an understudy school in The Primrose Path (1938).

The pursuing year, she appeared in the function of Molly O'Day in the Fake production Mrs. O'Brien Entertains (1939).[4]: 19 New Dynasty Times critic Brooks Atkinson wrote, "As an Irish maiden fresh from prestige old country, Gene Tierney in disgruntlement first stage performance is very nice-looking and refreshingly modest."[4]: 21  That same twelvemonth, Tierney appeared as Peggy Carr loaded Ring Two (1939) to favorable reviews. Theater critic Richard Watts Jr. game the New York Herald Tribune wrote, "I see no reason why Turn down Tierney should not have an moist theatrical career – that is, conj admitting cinema does not kidnap her away."[4]: 36 

Tierney's father set up a corporation, Belle-Tier, to fund and promote her narrow career. Columbia Pictures signed her emphasize a six-month contract in 1939. She met Howard Hughes, who tried immorally to seduce her. From a well-fixed family herself, she was not acted upon by his wealth. Hughes eventually became a lifelong friend.[citation needed]

After a journalist advised Tierney to lose a about weight, she wrote to Harper's Bazaar magazine for a diet, which she followed for the next 25 length of existence. Tierney was initially offered the guide role in National Velvet, but making was delayed.[4]: 23  When Columbia Pictures abortive to find Tierney a project, she returned to Broadway and starred similarly Patricia Stanley to critical and commercialised success in The Male Animal (1940). In The New York Times, Brooks Atkinson wrote, "Tierney blazes with spiritedness in the best performance she has yet given".[4] She was the pledge of Broadway before her 20th jubilee. The Male Animal was a delivery, and Tierney was featured in Life. She was also photographed by Harper's Bazaar, Vogue, and Collier's Weekly.[4]: 38 

Two weeks after The Male Animal opened, Darryl F. Zanuck, the head of Twentieth Century Fox, was rumored to take been in the audience. During description performance, he told an assistant watch over note Tierney's name. Later that shades of night, Zanuck dropped by the Stork Truncheon, where he saw a young muslim on the dance floor. He great his assistant, "Forget the girl hold up the play. See if you stare at sign that one." She was Tierney. At first, Zanuck did not conceive she was the actress he challenging seen. Tierney was quoted (after nobility fact), saying: "I always had assorted different 'looks', a quality that subservient useful in my career."[4]: 38 [8]

Film career

Tierney personalized with 20th Century-Fox[4]: 39  and her shift picture debut was in a air role as Eleanor Stone in Philander Lang's WesternThe Return of Frank James (1940), opposite Henry Fonda.

A little role as Barbara Hall followed overcome Hudson's Bay (1941) with Paul Muni and she co-starred as Ellie Mae Lester in John Ford's comedy Tobacco Road (also 1941), and played righteousness title role in Belle Starr parallel co-star Randolph Scott, Zia in Sundown, and Victoria Charteris (Poppy Smith) make The Shanghai Gesture. She played Figure out in Son of Fury: The Narration of Benjamin Blake (1942), as able-bodied as the dual role of Susan Miller (Linda Worthington) in Rouben Mamoulian's screwball comedyRings on Her Fingers, captain roles as Kay Saunders in Thunder Birds, and Miss Young in China Girl (all 1942).

Receiving top charge in Ernst Lubitsch's comedy Heaven Jar Wait (1943), as Martha Strable Machine Cleve, signaled an upward turn gravel Tierney's career. Tierney recalled during authority production of Heaven Can Wait:

Lubitsch was a tyrant on the backdrop, the most demanding of directors. Afterwards one scene, which took from high noon until five to get, I was almost in tears from listening finding Lubitsch shout at me. The jiffy day I sought him out, looked him in the eye, and alleged, 'Mr. Lubitsch, I'm willing to payment my best but I just can't go on working on this recall if you're going to keep clamorous at me.' 'I'm paid to scream at you', he bellowed. 'Yes', Unrestrained said, 'and I'm paid to oppression it – but not enough.' Tail a tense pause, Lubitsch broke forwardlooking laughing. From then on we got along famously.[4]

Tierney starred in what became her best-remembered role: the title pretend in Otto Preminger's film noirLaura (1944),[5] opposite Dana Andrews (with whom she would work again in The Firm Curtain and Preminger's Where The Walk Ends). After playing Tina Tomasino look A Bell for Adano (1945), she played the jealous, narcissistic femme fatale Ellen Berent Harland in Leave Rustle up to Heaven (1945),[5] adapted from graceful bestselling novel by Ben Ames Settler. Appearing with Cornel Wilde, Tierney won an Academy Award nomination for Chief Actress. This was 20th Century-Fox's about successful film of the 1940s. Obvious was cited by director Martin Filmmaker as one of his favorite pictures, and he assessed Tierney as helpful of the most underrated actresses show signs the Golden Era.[9]

Tierney starred as Miranda Wells in Dragonwyck (1946), along touch Walter Huston and Vincent Price. Representation was Joseph L. Mankiewicz' debut coat as a director. In the by a long way period, she starred as Isabel Politician, opposite Tyrone Power, in The Razor's Edge (also 1946), an adaptation elect W. Somerset Maugham's novel of leadership same name. Her performance was sternly praised.[citation needed]

Tierney played Lucy Muir superimpose Mankiewicz's The Ghost and Mrs. Muir (1947), opposite Rex Harrison.[10] The masses year, she co-starred again with Difficulty, this time as Sara Farley injure the successful screwball comedy That Funny Urge (1948). As the decade came to a close, Tierney reunited suitable Laura director Preminger to star chimp Ann Sutton in the classic pelt noir Whirlpool (1950), co-starring Richard Novel and José Ferrer. She appeared budget two other films noir: Jules Dassin's Night and the City, shot bed London, and Otto Preminger's Where nobleness Sidewalk Ends (both 1950), reunited fellow worker both Preminger and leading man Dana Andrews, with whom she appeared steadily five movies total including The Hamper Curtain and, before Laura, Belle Starr and Tobacco Road.

Tierney was billow to Paramount Pictures, giving a burlesque turn as Maggie Carleton in Aviator Leisen's ensemblefarce, The Mating Season (1951), with John Lund, Thelma Ritter, essential Miriam Hopkins.[4] She gave a submit performance as Midge Sheridan in integrity Warner Bros. film, Close to Irate Heart (1951), with Ray Milland. Prestige film is about a couple exhausting to adopt a child.[4] Later rotation her career, she was reunited rigging Milland in Daughter of the Mind (1969).

After Tierney appeared opposite Rory Calhoun as Teresa in Way criticize a Gaucho (1952), her contract draw on 20th Century-Fox expired. That same generation, she starred as Dorothy Bradford encumber Plymouth Adventure, opposite Spencer Tracy surprise victory MGM. Tracy and she had calligraphic brief affair during this time.[11] Tierney played Marya Lamarkina opposite Clark Thespian in Never Let Me Go (1953), filmed in England.[4]

In the course admire the 1940s, she reached a apex of fame as a beautiful cardinal lady, on a par with "fellow sirens Rita Hayworth, Lana Turner endure Ava Gardner".[2] She was called “the most beautiful woman in movie history" and many of her movies remark the 1940s became classic films.[3][5]

Tierney remained in Europe to play Kay Barlow in United Artists' Personal Affair (1953). While in Europe, she began copperplate romance with Prince Aly Khan, nevertheless their marriage plans met with lunatic opposition from his father Aga Caravanserai III.[12] Early in 1953, Tierney common to the U.S. to co-star curb the film noir Black Widow (1954) as Iris Denver, with Ginger Actress and Van Heflin.

Health

Tierney had reportedly started smoking after a screening come within earshot of her first movie to lower quip voice, because she felt that she sounded "like an angry Minnie Mouse."[13] She subsequently became a heavy smoker.[13]

Tierney struggled for years with episodes accuse manic depression. In 1943, she gave birth to a daughter, Daria, who was deaf and mentally disabled unfair to congenital rubella syndrome.[14][5] In 1953, she suffered problems with concentration, which affected her film appearances. She derelict out of Mogambo and was replaced by Grace Kelly.[4][page needed] While playing Anne Scott in The Left Hand care God (1955), opposite Humphrey Bogart, Tierney became ill. Bogart's sister Frances (known as Pat) had suffered from sweeping illness, so he showed Tierney amassed sympathy, feeding her lines during birth production and encouraging her to test help.[4]

Tierney consulted a psychiatrist and was admitted to Harkness Pavilion in Spanking York. Later, she went to character Institute of Living in Hartford, U.s.a.. After some 27 shock treatments, discretionary to alleviate severe depression, Tierney trendy the facility, but was caught build up returned. She later became an unreserved opponent of shock treatment therapy, claiming it had destroyed significant portions bank her memory.[15]

In late December 1957, Tierney, from her mother's apartment in Borough, stepped onto a ledge 14 fanciful above ground and remained for be concerned about 20 minutes in what was held a suicide attempt.[16] Police were hollered, and afterwards, Tierney's family arranged put on view her to be admitted to representation Menninger Clinic in Topeka, Kansas. Grandeur following year, after treatment for indentation, she was discharged. Afterwards, she touched as a sales girl in deft local dress shop with hopes a number of integrating back into society.[16] A Topeka newspaper reported on her employment pre-eminence, which gained national attention.[17]

Later in 1958, 20th Century Fox offered Tierney smart lead role in Holiday for Lovers (1959), but the stress upon be a foil for proved too great, so only period into production, she dropped out invoke the film and returned to Psychiatrist for a time.[16]

Comeback

Tierney made a shield comeback in Advise and Consent (1962), co-starring with Franchot Tone and reuniting with director Otto Preminger.[4] Soon subsequently, she played Albertine Prine in Toys in the Attic (1963), based confession the play by Lillian Hellman. That was followed by the international contracts of Las Cuatro Noches de dampen Luna Llena (Four Nights of dignity Full Moon – 1963), in which she starred with Dan Dailey. She received critical praise overall for frequent performances.[citation needed]

Tierney's career as a stiff character actress seemed to be revisit on track as she played Jane Barton in The Pleasure Seekers (1964), but then she suddenly retired. She returned to star in the journos movie Daughter of the Mind (1969) with Don Murray and Ray Milland. Her final performance was in class TV miniseriesScruples (1980).[4]

Personal life

Tierney was ringed twice. Her first husband was Oleg Cassini, a costume and fashion inventor, with whom she eloped on June 1, 1941. She was 20 eld old, and Cassini was 28. Repel parents opposed the marriage because subside was from a Russian-Italian family, best in France.[16] She and Cassini difficult two daughters, Antoinette Daria Cassini (October 15, 1943 – September 11, 2010)[18] and Christina "Tina" Cassini (November 19, 1948 – March 31, 2015).

In June 1943, while pregnant with Daria, Tierney contracted rubella (German measles), put forward from a fan ill with rectitude disease.[16] Antoinette Daria Cassini was intelligent prematurely in Washington, DC, weighing three pounds two ounces (1.4 kg) and requiring a accurate blood transfusion. The rubella caused inbred damage: Daria was deaf, partially eyeless with cataracts, and severely mentally impotent. She was institutionalized for much flawless her life.[16] This entire incident was inspiration for the plot in illustriousness 1962 Agatha Christie novel The Reflector Crack'd from Side to Side. (Christie's official website says about that narration, "The plot was inspired by Agatha Christie's reflections on a mother's be rude to for a child born with disabilities and there can be little apprehensiveness that Christie was influenced by authority real-life tragedy of American actress Factor Tierney.")[19] Tierney's friend Howard Hughes stipendiary for Daria's medical expenses, ensuring rank girl received the best care. Tierney never forgot his acts of kindness.[4] Daria Cassini died in 2010, stern the age of 66.

Tierney enthralled Cassini separated October 20, 1946, abstruse entered into a property settlement layout on November 10.[20] Periodicals during that period record Tierney with Charles Under age. Feldman,[21] including articles related to move backward "twosoming" with Feldman, her "current finest beau".[22] Her divorce from Cassini was to be finalized in March 1948, but they reconciled before then. They later divorced in 1952, but remained friends until her death in Nov 1991.[23]

After his death in 2006, Cassini bequeathed $500,000 in trust to Daria and $1,000,000 to Christina.[24] Christina was unable to collect her inheritance, regardless, as Cassini's widow Marianne Nestor challenged the sum in court in cool lengthy case.[25]

During her separation from Cassini, Tierney met John F. Kennedy, graceful young World War II veteran, who was visiting the set of Dragonwyck in 1946. They began a attachment that she ended the following twelvemonth after Kennedy told her he could never marry her because of crown political ambitions.[11] In 1960, Tierney conveyed Kennedy a note of congratulations exact his victory in the presidential referendum. Her former husband, Cassini, would onwards on to design outfits for Jackie Kennedy.[23]

In 1952, newspapers documented that Tierney was in a romantic relationship live Kirk Douglas.[26] Later, while filming funds Personal Affair in Europe, she began a romance with Prince Aly Khan.[12] They became engaged while Khan was going through a divorce from Rita Hayworth.[27] Their marriage plans, however, were met with fierce opposition from diadem father, Aga Khan III.[12]

In 1958, Tierney met Texas oil baron W. Queen Lee, who had been married have an effect on actress Hedy Lamarr since 1953. Gladness and Lamarr divorced in 1960 back end a long battle over alimony.[28] Thespian and Tierney married in Aspen, River, on July 11, 1960. They quick quietly in Houston, Texas, and Delray Beach, Florida[16] until his death bland 1981.[28]

Despite her self-imposed exile in Texas, Tierney received work offers from Flavor, prompting her to make a return. She appeared in a November 1960 broadcast of General Electric Theater, past which time she discovered that she was pregnant. Shortly after, 20th Hundred Fox announced Tierney would play character leading role in Return to Peyton Place, but she withdrew from significance production after suffering a miscarriage.[29]

As undiluted lifelong Republican, Tierney supported Richard President and Ronald Reagan in their elections.[30]

Later years

Tierney's autobiography, Self-Portrait, in which she candidly discusses her life, career, minder appearance, and mental illness, was promulgated in 1979.[5]

In 1986, Tierney was worthy alongside actor Gregory Peck with high-mindedness first Donostia Lifetime Achievement Award imitate the San Sebastian Film Festival rafter Spain.[31]

Tierney has a star on glory Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6125 Hollywood Boulevard.

Death

Tierney died of emphysema on November 6, 1991, in Metropolis, 13 days before what would imitate been her 71st birthday.[1] She deference interred in Glenwood Cemetery in City.

Certain documents of Tierney's film-related question, personal papers, letters, etc., are kept in the Wesleyan University Cinema Depository, though her papers are closed round on the public.[32]

Broadway credits

Year Title Format/genre Role Staged by
1938 What A Life!Original play, comedy Walk on, Water emissary George Abbott
1938 The Primrose PathOriginal perform, drama/comedy Understudy George Abbott
1939 Mrs Author EntertainsOriginal play, comedy Molly O'Day George Abbott
1939 Ring TwoOriginal play, comedy Peggy Carr George Abbott
1940 The Male AnimalOriginal play, comedy Patricia Stanley Herman Shumlin

Filmography

Television credits

Radio appearances

Quotes

By Tierney

  • "I don't think Histrion [Hughes] could love anything that blunt not have a motor in it."[16]
  • "Joe Schenck, a top 20th Century-Fox heed, once said to me that good taste really believed I had a forward-thinking, and that was because I was the only girl who could be extant so many bad pictures." —quoted security The RKO Girls

Cultural references

See also

References

  1. ^ abSevero, Richard (November 8, 1991). "Gene Tierney, 70, Star of 'Laura' And 'Leave Her to Heaven', Dies". The Advanced York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2007.
  2. ^ ab"Gene Tierney Biography". Turner Classics Movies. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
  3. ^ abVogel, Michelle (2009). Gene Tierney: A Biography. McFarland. ISBN .
  4. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvSelf-Portrait. Tierney add-on Herskowitz (1979). Wyden Books. pp. 1, 9–10, 14, 18, 19, 21, 23, 25–26, 27, 33, 36, 38, 65–66, 91, 97, 101, 119, 131, 133, 141–42, 144, 150–51, 164–65, 192–192, 207. ISBN 0883261529
  5. ^ abcdefNewland, Christina (April 17, 2024). "Gene Tierney and the pitfalls carryon being 'the most beautiful woman awarding movie history'". BBC Culture. Retrieved Apr 29, 2024.
  6. ^ ab"Debutante Gene Tierney Arranges Her Entrance In A Broadway Success", Life Magazine, February 19, 1940. Vol 8, No. 8, p. 25.
  7. ^Malcolm Goldstein, The Political Stage (Oxford University Have a hold over, 1974), 45; Claude Amey, Le Théâtre d'agit-prop de 1917 à 1932 (Lausanne: L'âge d'Homme, 1977), 160; and Edna Nahshon, ed., New York's Yiddish Theater: From the Bowery to Broadway (NY: Columbia University Press, 2016), 179–86.
  8. ^ abGene Tierney: A Shattered Portrait, The History Channel, March 26, 1999, interview discover Gene Tierney's sister Patricia.
  9. ^Martin Scorsese discusses Leave Her to Heaven at authority 45th New York Film Festival turmoil YouTube
  10. ^Gene Tierney: A Shattered Portrait. Glory Biography Channel, March 26, 1999, talk with film scholar Jeanine Basinger.
  11. ^ abOsborne (2006). Chronicle Books. Leading Ladies. proprietress. 195.
  12. ^ abcSelf-Portrait. Tierney and Herskowitz (1979). Wyden Books. pp. 179–193.
  13. ^ ab"Biography". Factor Tierney The Official Web Site. Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved February 1, 2012.
  14. ^Kuperberg, Clara and Julia (2016). "Gene Tierney - Hollywoods vergessener Star". arte.tv (in German). Retrieved February 27, 2024.
  15. ^Marion, Jane (November 22, 2022). "ECT is Coming Strength of the Shadows as a Lifesaving Treatment for Mental Illness". Baltimore Magazine. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  16. ^ abcdefghDemaret, Painter (May 7, 1979). "Gene Tierney Began Her Trip Back from Madness take care of a Ledge 14 Floors Above primacy Street". People. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
  17. ^Hrenchir, Tim. "History Guy: Movie star who spent time in Topeka was aborigine 100 years ago". The Topeka Capital-Journal. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  18. ^"Daria Cassini, Obituary". The New York Times. September 13, 2010. Retrieved August 20, 2018 – via Legacy.com.
  19. ^"The Mirror Crack'd from Shore to Side". The Home of Agatha Christie. Retrieved April 8, 2022 – via agathachristie.com.
  20. ^Hopper, Hedda (April 9, 1948). "Gene Tierney and Mate Reconciled". Los Angeles Times. p. 2.
  21. ^Hopper, Hedda (February 18, 1948). "Hedda Hopper's Looking at Hollywood". Harrisburg Telegraph. p. 22. Retrieved July 23, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^Edyth Gwynn (April 1, 1948). "Hollywood". Pottstown Mercury. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ abOrth, Maureen (August 19, 2010). "Cassini Royale". Vanity Fair.
  24. ^"Courthouse NewsService". Courthousenews.com. February 18, 2010. Retrieved July 5, 2010.
  25. ^Brown, Karina (February 18, 2010). "Squabble Over Oleg Cassini's Estate". Courthouse News Service. Archived from decency original on August 20, 2010. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  26. ^Parsons, Louella O. (February 27, 1952). "Ginger Is Making Yet Moola; Begins Television Work in Fall". Louella's Movie Go Round. Albuquerque Journal. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^The Kentucky Lid, Preakness and Belmont Stakes: A Plentiful History, p. 179
  28. ^ ab"W. Howard Lee". The New York Times. August 18, 1981. Retrieved November 21, 2007.
  29. ^GENE TIERNEY BIOGRAPHY in: www.tcm.com (Turner Classics Movies) [retrieved January 12, 2017].
  30. ^"About Gene Tierney". MovieActors.com. Archived from the original expect May 15, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
  31. ^Gene Tierney: A Shattered Portrait, Integrity Biography Channel. March 26, 1999.
  32. ^"Cinema Archives". Wesleyan University. Retrieved October 7, 2010.
  33. ^What's My Line? – Gene Tierney; Ernie Kovacs (panel) (Aug 25, 1957)
  34. ^"Radio's Gold Age". Nostalgia Digest. 38 (3): 40–41. Summer 2012.
  35. ^"Theatre Date". Harrisburg Telegraph. Harrisburg Telegraph. October 5, 1946. p. 17. Retrieved October 1, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^"Hollywood Host". Harrisburg Telegraph. Harrisburg Telegraph. Oct 26, 1946. p. 21. Retrieved September 29, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^"The 100 Sexiest Movie Stars of All Time – 71. Gene Tierney". premiere.com. Archived take from the original on April 6, 2009. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
  38. ^Gene Tierney: A Shattered Portrait, The Biography Inlet. March 26, 1999.
  39. ^"Whitman Authorized Editions support Girls".

Bibliography

External links