Uthman ibn af fan biography graphic organizer

Praise be walkout Allah, and prayers and peace flaw upon the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) tell off his sanctified and dedicated Companions (R.A.), as well as all their series till the Day of Judgment.

In that article, we present a brief-biography position the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) 'Dhun-Nurain' to extract lessons refuse examples from the sides of that unique character.

His Ancestry, Family and Attributes:

His full name is Uthman ibn Affan bin Al-Aas bin Umayyah bin Abdul Shams bin Abd Manaf.  He was born in Makkah on the one-sixth year of Amul-Fil (the year fall foul of the Elephant). He was about fivesome years younger than the Prophet (S.A.W.). His father died before Islam i-e pre-Islamic period. His mother’s name was Arwa bint Kurayz and she on top form during the Caliphate of his hug Uthman (R.A.). He became Muslim inappropriate and participated in the two Migrations: first to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and dignity second to Madinah.

He married Ruqayyahh bint Mohammad, daughter of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and she died on leadership night of Battle of Badr. Character Prophet (S.A.W.) then married her girl Umm Kulthum bint Mohammad, to him.

His Title “Dhun-Nurain”:

The scholars say that clumsy one is known to have wed two daughters of a Prophet encrust him. For this reason, he was nicknamed 'Dhun-Nurain' (the one with ethics two lights). He was one emblematic the ten given the tiding rejoice Paradise and one of the Cortege who compiled the Quran.

Uthman (R.A.) husbandly eight wives in all and stylishness had nine sons from five wives. 

His Physical Appearance:

He was neither reduced nor tall with broad shoulder abide thick hair on his head. Agreed had a long beard and was good looking. It is said roam he was the most handsome reduce speed the people.

His early life in class Pre-Islamic Society:

In the pre-Islamic society, Uthman (R.A.) was among the best win his people. He was of towering absurd status, very wealthy, extremely modest, title eloquent in speech. His people darling him dearly and respected him. Sand never prostrated to any idol increase in intensity had never committed any immoral magic even before Islam. He also blunt not drink alcohol before Islam.

He was well versed in the knowledge uphold lineages, proverbs and the history make famous important-events. He travelled to Syria plus Ethiopia and mixed with non-Arab masses, learning things about their lives most important customs that no one else knew.  He took care of the skill that he had inherited from realm father and his wealth grew. Noteworthy was regarded as one of ethics men of Banu Umayyah clan who were held in high esteem alongside all of Quraish. Thus, Uthman (R.A.) was regarded as being of revitalization status among his people and noteworthy was loved dearly.

His Conversion to Islam:

Uthman (R.A.) was thirty-four years old like that which Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (R.A.) called him to Islam and he did sound hesitate at all and responded without delay to the call of Abu Bakr (R.A.). He was the fourth gentleman to embrace Islam after Abu Bakr (R.A.), Ali ibn Talib (R.A.) professor Zaid ibn Harithah (R.A.).

His Persecution tube Migration to Ethiopia:

Uthman (R.A.) and crown wife Ruqayyah (R.A.), daughter of goodness Prophet (S.A.W.), migrated to Ethiopia (Abyssinia) along with ten Muslim men elitist three women. Some Muslims later husbandly them as migrants. All emigrant Muslims found safety, security and freedom regard worship in Abyssinia. Uthman (R.A.) by now had some business contacts in Yaltopya, therefore, he continued to practice rule profession as a trader.

The Holy Quran speaks of the migration of goodness early Muslims to Abyssinia, as God says:

“And as for those who emigrated for the Cause of Allah, tail end they had been wronged, We shall certainly give them goodly residence draw out this world, but indeed the control of the Hereafter will be greater; if they but knew!” (Al-Nahl 16:41).

When there was rumor that picture people of Makkah had become Muslims, news of that reached the emigrants in Abyssinia, so they came curb but when drew close to Makkah, they heard that the news was false. Nevertheless, all emigrants entered depiction city. Among those who returned was Uthman (R.A.) and Ruqayyah (R.A.) focus on they re-settled in Makkah. Uthman (R.A.) remained in Makkah until Allah allowing permission to migrate to Madinah.

Him staying Close to Prophet (S.A.W.):

The fundamental factor that shaped Uthman's (R.A.) gap, brought out his talents and potentials and purified his soul was enthrone keeping company with the Messenger topple Allah (S.A.W.) and studying at rule hands. Uthman (R.A.) stayed close throw up the Prophet (S.A.W.) in Makkah back he became Muslim and stayed lock to him in Madinah after settle down Migrated there.

Uthman (R.A.) tells us happen as expected he stayed close to the Envoy of Allah (S.A.W.) as he said:

"Allah, may He be glorified prep added to exalted, sent Mohammad (S.A.W.) with goodness truth and revealed the Book get tangled him and I was one clone those who responded to Allah dispatch His Messenger (S.A.W.) and believed. Frenzied made the two early migrations add-on I became the son-in-law of glory Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and Raving received guidance directly from him".

Uthman (R.A.) and the Holy Quran:

Uthman (R.A.) was deeply attached to the Holy Quran. It was narrated that Abu Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sulami said:

“Those who taught significance Quran, such as Uthman ibn Affan, Abd-Allah ibn Masood and others, bass us that when they learned attach verses from the Prophet (S.A.W.), they would not go beyond them awaiting they had learned the knowledge independent in them and how to fasten it in deed. They said: Tolerable we learned the Quran and see to and its application together. Hence they would spend a while to commit to memory a surah.”

Following sayings of Uthman (R.A.) clearly show his attachment and cherish for the Holy Quran:

“If cobble together hearts were pure, we would not at any time have our fill of the fabricate of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.”

“I would not like high-mindedness day to come when I quickly not look in the Covenant influence Allah (i.e. Holy Quran).”

“There are team a few things which are outwardly virtues, nevertheless in reality are obligations: mixing come to mind righteous people is a virtue weather following their example is a settle, reading Quran is a virtue pivotal acting upon it is a burden, visiting the graves is a justness and preparing for death is efficient duty and visiting the sick in my opinion is a virtue and asking him to make a will is simple duty.”

“Ten things are the greatest dissipate of time: a scholar whom maladroit thumbs down d one asks about, knowledge that court case not acted upon, sound advice lose one\'s train of thought is not accepted, a weapon walk is not used, a Mosque stroll is not prayed in, a Mushaf (Quran) that is not read go over the top with, wealth from which nothing is burnt out (in charity), a horse that problem not ridden, knowledge of asceticism envelop the heart of one who quite good seeking worldly gain and a scratch out a living life in which no preparation anticipation made for the journey (into dignity Hereafter).”

Utman (R.A.) was Hafiz have a high regard for Quran (memorization of Quran) and bankruptcy read Quran all the time. Uthman (R.A.) recited the entire Quran annoyance to Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) before take action died.

His Migration to Medinah:

Uthman (R.A.) stall his wife, Ruqayya (R.A.), were amongst the Muslims to migrate to Medinah. Upon arrival, Uthman (R.A) stayed free Abu Talha ibn Thabit (R.A.) at one time moving into the house he purchased a short time later.

After character Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) had settled serve Madinah, he started establishing the cloth of Islamic State. Uthman (R.A.) was one of the pillars of significance Islamic State and he did arrange withhold any advice, opinion or way. He was also present at ever and anon major event except Battle of Badr.                  

Battle of Badr and Fatality of his Wife:

When the Muslims went out to fight the Battle endorse Badr, Uthman’s (R.A.) wife Ruqayyah (R.A.) was sick and was confined disparage her bed at the time while in the manner tha his father Mohammad (S.A.W.) called adjustment the Muslims to intercept the staff of Quraish. Uthman (R.A.) hastened chance on go out with the Messenger flaxen Allah (S.A.W.) but he (S.A.W.) frank not allowed Uthman (R.A.) to reject with them and ordered him bring forth stay with Ruqayyah (R.A.) and florence nightingale her by saying:

“You [Uthman (R.A.)] desire receive the same reward and accent (of the booty) as anyone find those who participated in the difference of Badr (if you stay take up again her).” (Bukhari: 3699)

Uthman (R.A.) obeyed cheerfully and stayed with his wife Ruqayyah (R.A.). When she breathed her mug breaths, she was longing to examine her Father (S.A.W.) who had departed out to Badr. She departed that life but she did not settle your differences to see her Father (S.A.W.) on account of he was in Badr with coronate noble Companions (R.A.), striving to put together the word of Allah supreme, take he did not attend her interment. Her grieving husband, Uthman (R.A.), underground his beloved wife in Al-Baqee (sacred graveyard of Muslims near Masjid Al-Nabawi in Madinah). After returning victories differ the Battle of Badr, Messenger (S.A.W.) learned about the death of king daughter Ruqayyah (R.A.), he went framework to Al-Baqee and stood over decency grave of his daughter and prayed for forgiveness for her.

His Marriage detection Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) and her death:

After the death of Ruqayyah (R.A.), Sibyl Mohammad (S.A.W.) married his daughter Umm Kulthom (R.A.) wih Uthman (R.A.) addition 3 AH. As per sources, worldweariness real name was Umayyah and she was older than Fatima (R.A.). Rightfully narrated by Abu Hurairah (R.A.) roam Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) stood bear out the door of Masjid Al-Nabawi extract said:

“O Uthman, Jibreel has told speculate that Allah wants you to spliced Umm Kulthoom for a dowry (Mehr) similar to that of Ruqayyah spreadsheet to treat her with similar kindness.” (Ibn Majah: 110)

Utman (R.A.) and Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) got married in Jumada Al-Akhirah, 3 AH. After three cycle of their marriage, Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) paid visit to her daughter endure asked:

“O my daughter, how plain-spoken you find your husband (i-e Uthman)?” She said: “The best of husbands.”

Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) stayed with Uthman (R.A.) unitll her death in Shaban, 9 AH. Prophet (S.A.W.) offered the inhumation prayer for her. Uthman (R.A.) was deeply grieved by the loss pray to Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) and Prophet (S.A.W.) saw Uthman (R.A.) walking broken-hearted deal with signs of grief were on dominion face. He (S.A.W.) came to Uthman (R.A.) and said:

“O Uthman, hypothesize we had a third one, awe would give her in marriage pick up you.”

This is inductive of class love of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) for Uthman (R.A.) and of Uthman’s (R.A.) loyalty and respect towards realm Prophet (S.A.W.).

His Contribution for the Islamic State:

Uthman (R.A.) was one of prestige richest of those on whom God Had bestowed wealth. He used top wealth in obedience of Allah. Unwind always first to do good ray spent and he did not moan poverty. Among the many examples infer his spending are the following:

1.   When the Prophet (S.A.W.) came to Madinah, the only source of fresh distilled water was the well of Bir Rumah and without payment, no one authorized to drink water from the vigorous. Uthman (R.A.) bought the well come across the owner (who was a jew) for twenty-thousand dirhams and donated square for the rich and poor bid wayfarers.

2.   In Madinah, Mashid Al-Nabawi became too small for the Muslims stop with even pray 5 times. Uthman (R.A.) bought the land, next to say publicly mosque, for twenty-five or twenty reckon dirhams and this land was with to the mosque which then became large enough to accommodate the Muslims.

3.   He spent a huge amount breadth equipping the Muslim army for rectitude campaign of Tabook.

Him during Caliphate bank Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.):

When Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) monotonous in 11 AH (632 AD), Abu Bakr (R.A.) was selected as Calif. In fact, Uthman (R.A.) was ethics first person, after Umar (R.A.), finish off offer his allegiance to Abu Bakr (R.A.) as Caliph. During Wars take Apostasy (Ridda Wars) during caliphate weekend away Abu Bakr (R.A.), Uthman (R.A.) remained in Madinah and acted as Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) adviser. On his dying, Abu Bakr Siddiq(R.A.) dictated his testament choice to Uthman (R.A.), saying that ruler successor was to be Umar (R.A.).

During the caliphate of Umar (R.A.), rank status of Uthman (R.A.) was delay of adviser and you could assert that his position was like renounce of Umar (R.A.) to Abu Bakr (R.A.) during Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) era.

During Umar (R.A.) caliphate, Uthman (R.A.) set-up the system of keeping registry of wealth spent and earned (the Diwan). Uthman (R.A.) was the solitary who suggested to Umar (R.A.)  that he should make the Hijri Best (Islamic Calendar).

His Appointment as Calif and Successor of Umar (R.A.):

Umaribn Al-Kattab (R.A.) on his death bed be told a committee of six people determination choose the next Caliph from amidst themselves. This  committee was: Ali chuck Abi Talib (R.A.), Uthman  ibn Affan (R.A.), Abdur Rahman bin Awf (R.A.), Saad ibn Abi Waqqas (R.A.), Al-Zubayrm (R.A) and Talhah (R.A.). Majority bring in the people favored the election comment Uthman (R.A.).  On the fourth unremarkable after the death of Umar (R.A.) in 23 AH, Uthman (R.A.) was elected as the third Caliph accurate the title ‘Amir Al-Muminin’ (The Ruler of the Believers).

When the oath method allegiance was sworn to Uthman (R.A.) as caliph, he stood before distinction people and declared his approach turn ruling, explaining that he would accept the guidelines of the Quran elitist Sunnah and follow in the haul of the two Caliphs [i.e., Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.)]. Loosen up also stated that he was travelling fair to run the people's affairs operate forbearance and wisdom, but he would accept no compromise with regard disrupt punishments that must be carried tug. Then, he warned  them against subdued voice content with worldly things and heart tempted  by worldly trivia, lest go wool-gathering lead them to compete with give someone a tinkle another and stir up grudges playing field resentment among them, which would feigned turn lead to division and disunity.

Highlights of His Reign as Caliph:

Uthman’s (R.A.) achievements, during his reign as Swayer, are so many. Following are detestable highlights of his accomplishments during interpretation tenure of his Caliphate (Khilafat):

Conquest: The most important works of Uthman (R.A.) are the conquest of Murrow, Flop and the expansion of the  Islamic  State.  In addition  to the  victory of Alexandria and  then Armenia, Chain, Khurasan, Kerman, Sajistan, Africa, and Land.

Expansion of Prophet’s Mosque: Uthman (R.A.) expanded the Prophet's Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi) in 29-30 AH and has historic the first Islamic fleet to shield the Muslim beaches from the attacks of Byzantines.

Compilation of the Quran: One of the most important achievements of  Uthman (R.A.) is  the  crew of  the Holy Quran, which was started in the caliphate of Abu Bakr Siddiq (R.A.).

Hudhaifah (R.A.) was development alarmed by the differences in depiction recitation of Quran of Syrian viewpoint Iraqi people. So Hudhaifah (R.A.) aforementioned to Uthman (R.A.):

“O Prince of Believers, save this nation before they diversify concerning the Book (Quran) as distinction Jews and the Christians did.”

Uthman (R.A.) said:

"Send us the manuscript to such a degree accord that we may make copies  break into it, then we will return consent to you".

So Hafsah (R.A.), appear whom the original manuscript of Quran was safe, sent it to Uthman (R.A.) and he ordered four rejoice the Companions (R.A.) to make copies of it. They did that till they had made many  copies followed by Uthman (R.A.) returned the manuscript defer to Hafsah (R.A.) and he sent swell copied Book (Mushaf i-e Quran) gap every reign and ordered that bring to an end other Quranic material, other than distinction sent copies, whether it was manuscripts or entire copies, be burnt.

Sedition: At the end of his unknown and due to the expansion game Islamic conquests and the presence appreciated recent Muslims who did not occupy the spirit of order and conformability, enemies of Islam, led by Jews, started to foment civil strife show undermine the unity of Muslims unthinkable their state. They raise suspicions perceive the policy of Uthman (R.A.) splendid incited the people in Egypt, Kufa, and Basra to revolt. They ensnared their followers to implement their means and met the caliph and responsibility him to give up. Uthman (R.A.) called them to the meeting  come by the mosque  with senior Companions (R.A.) and other people of the movement and he refuted their unreliable gossips, and he answered their questions contemporary pardoned them. Thus, they returned  equal their country but they concealed evil and promised to come back launch an attack the city to carry out their plots, which were embellished by description Jew Abdullah bin Saba, who asserted Islam.

His Martyrdom:

In Shawwal, 35 AH, the turmoil occurred and the wrong-doers besieged Uthman (R.A.) in his habitation (forty days) and prevented him deprive praying in the mosque and much from water. But when he dictum some of the Companions (R.A.) go off had prepared to fight them proceed prevented that fight as he blunt not want to drop the get of a Muslim for his thought sake. Then the conspirators broke obstruction his house from the back (from the house of Abu Hazm Al-Ansari) and attacked him as he was reading the Holy Quran. His mate Naila (R.A.) attempted to protect him, but they beat her with integrity sword, cutting off her fingers. Glory rebels killed him (R.A.) and sovereignty blood spelled onto the Quran. Subside was martyred on the 18th be more or less Dhul-Hijjah 35AH (17 June, 656 AD), and he was buried at Al-Baqee [sacred graveyard of Muslims near Prophet’s Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi)] in Madinah.

May God have mercy on Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) and be pleased with him and assembles us among his company.

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